A good sniper requires three conditions, excellent sniper shooting skills in all technology is only the last is the most basic point, discipline and care is the most important element, snipers do not fire a gun kills people indiscriminately, they will not unnecessarily killing non-armed threats, such as women, children, livestock, construction and housing, snipers sometimes a person may also be 2,3, and this depends on the nature of the task, but only for shooting blind fire will only increase the target was found, captured and killed the opportunity, discipline and patience is very important, especially to face the shot and when not shooting. Before becoming a sniper must first ask yourself: Do you it is very cold or heat intolerance? is very easy to anger? anger will make you're not careful and do some unusual behavior, it is the worst point. has not tried a single individual for a week or even longer? can has no friends, no family, no communication, no contact or nothing? whether there had been a man camping? what people in a place not within, you think? What would you do there? snipers and is not necessarily a loner, but in fact if you are not missing the daily life of others to exist, the sniper is definitely not your best choice.
why these are important? a sniper just to open a gun and crawl all day, and sometimes may find nothing, if you can not send a shot to give up the task? Sometimes you see the opportunity to target shooting only three seconds, if you are daydreaming, Or doing nothing to eat other things, you will fail. You must understand your mission, location and wait for the target appears, this is the reason you need teammates, a person with a telescope to observe more than 20 minutes is very difficult, you have the whole days to remain intact in order to avoid the enemy discovered that this sounds very easy but in fact very difficult, a novice anglers to fish under the water line to stay more than three minutes is impossible, because they always want to put the hook up to look at, if you have the experience of hunting prey in front of you will know how hard it is to remain intact, not to mention the game you face now is to see you'll shoot you people? How do you explain ; carefully, , how to walk, how to, with what equipment, what camouflage, how to communicate in case of an emergency action should be, the task is completed to retreat, how to avoid the loss can not be completed? a sniper must be careful consideration from the beginning to the end of all procedures, their weapons and ammunition supplies and equipment configuration will produce results, surgery is the last element of fire, a sniper in any case need to shoot in the effective range of the farthest target, a distance equal to the withdrawal of life-time. If you want to do Emission skillful at least need to practice 15000-20000 bullets only be counted is qualified to practice.
one sniper
early history of the early 17th century invention of optical instruments, while the development of the sniper has begun, However, a full two centuries tactical sniper technology but because of the slow development of firearms technology and did not emerge. until the United States Volunteers during the American War of Independence, a special modified Sharp Major with a variety of small arms and techniques (for example, each hair spherical bullets are to saturated fat deerskin wrap, when the loading is not only more convenient, has also come to enhance the range and accuracy) to lead a team of independent, high mobility of the gunmen in order to look at is the incredible long-distance (about 300-350 meters) of more than accurate sniper shot and killed the British senior officers, and many small price to restore the situation in battle, and from English to the emergence of a new word mmSharp shooters (Sharp shooter s), which means Shooting the shooters precise and calm composure. In order to target long cheek to prevent the wild and distracted, Sharp shooters are often worn during the sniper task similar to today's special forces wearing masks, so there is a new name Markman, literally translated as masked men, in English also means accurate marksmanship or shooting people, and these two words in the word today is replaced by the Sniper, that is, Berdan Institute of General've hired a special team attacks against the essence of fire one by one with the elaborate, formal training in the U.S. This can be regarded as the origin sniper.
II sniper sniper task
divided according to the nature of the task, has designated hunting, team observations, fire support, patrol, hunting, non-rigid equipment damage and several targeted killings, the following tasks on the nature of the different are as follows:
1, designated hunting
be superior to kill the sniper's target is to specify the means to an end even if all tasks, sniper shooter no matter what methods can be objective, long-range sniper rifle is only a method, cross bow, hunting bow, Chuijian, bolt, throwing knives or even close fighting, fighting, knife, strangulation, or poisoning can be, dressed in camouflage uniforms with long-range sniper hunting rifle just some people the wrong impression of the sniper, but the nature of the tasks in the military away from the Remote Strike is still the target of choice of the majority of snipers, and most of the training is moving towards such a direction to impose the training, the introduction of firearms attacks here only.
specify the modalities of implementing a variety of hunting, the longer approach is adopted where the sniper to the target base or sneak through on the road is expected to ambush Strike manner, and since almost all modern rifle range over more than 1000m, the choice of location, shooting and arrange for evacuation routes is the key to the success of the task, so the first task of the exploration target area and place selected is a very important lesson. Although modern satellites can shine in every corner of the earth, but in the towering trees of the forests and valleys in the dark still on staff first-hand information of the investigation the most *, and most of the sniper also prefer to own rather than by detection * Advanced Technology satellite.
the task of hunting can be a designated person in the performance, but also for 2 people, to observe a person attacks a person or 2 people attacked the main striker or striker failed to fix when the deputy fired one shot, of course, marksmanship, deputy shooter must also be first class and ready to aim and shoot at any time to maintain the state.
2, team observation and fire support forces in the modern sniper
the preparation of the squad, platoon level, and other basic combat units. When conducting combat patrol team, met the enemy long-range firepower (perhaps heavy artillery, mortars, the enemy's heavy machine gun or sniper) attack but unable to call fire support, team snipers must immediately observe the mandate of enemy fire and immediately enter the favorable location of the sniper rifle firing the greatest threat to the killing of the enemy, and order Strike one by one the enemy personnel, and small units are used by Strike the enemy, all leg to stand on the occasion of the transfer. the effect of a rifle that can be played with the remote, like artillery fire support, and this is the so-called travel with the team observed and fire support.
But this is only part of the mission observed only travel with the team, team snipers snipers the most important task is to point and point of view the location of the task team are too vulnerable to attacks and to keep checking corner of each possible dodging sniper, is there an enemy sniper hidden? and the first time to resolve the enemy sniper, sniper is also another escape route selection and experts in addition to being ambushed by snipers when you travel with the team outside to provide fire support must also be possible to provide the best escape route team commander of the entire proposal to provide fire support and cover for snipers will act alone if necessary, to the area sniper task force team pursued the enemy fire suspended, the maximum space to the team, snipers and then according to the agreed meeting point in advance or on its own to complete the assigned task, and most of the sniper's eye due to the long training and attention training, deception discovery and removal of mine for many snipers in terms of is not difficult, although rarely carried out by a sniper bomb disposal work when needed but when the task should be easily capable sniper.
army sniper's tasks also include the records in the usual place of all may be lurking in position with the enemy positions, and observe the situation around for the positions, records, judgments and simulation to state, once the conditions change itself into the situation immediately and also provide information for analysis for field commanders to judge, so snipers while shouldering the intelligence officer's work But no matter under what circumstances their professional snipers always look upon the world, both professional point of view to judge the situation changes, commanders understand the information will always be the authority of pipeline, because only the sniper attacks to understand and know The idea and practice of hand, but also to know how to prevent and detect.
3, patrol hunting
field in many cases the situation is often complicated and confusing, not only do not know people, places, things, I do not know development and changes of the situation, in order to ensure that the situation is good for me, the key to kill the enemy who is a drastic measure, but the intelligence is limited, the mission objectives assigned to cause confusion, and therefore the designated area for free will become effective combat hunting mode to sniper team in the designated areas for hunting tend to be inexplicable wonders. If the mission failed but also the loss of two officers and their accoutrements only be described as the light weight of the trading profits, but because the situation changes often people Yibiao, the patrol hunting task execution time is often not long, up to a maximum limit of 2 weeks to prevent the execution of tasks and the development of the situation to have a gap.
4, non-compulsory equipment damage
mentioned earlier attacks hand is often not simply the task of staff Strike, equipment damage is also key projects, especially for mechanized units, the general non-armored vehicles can be enhanced by the 7.62mm caliber sniper rifles cause fatal damage to common 2.5 tons truck, the direct-fire tank, tires will cause the vehicle not running, but if the tank is a direct fire vehicle will explode if the vehicle is carrying fuel, ammunition, high inflammable substances may cause more damage. If the tank tanks, of course the entire team can not solve the rifle, but if part of the solution of the chariot drivers are worth the costs, tips are killed by drivers after the cell forward, based on experience, even in 45 seconds with the car out of the bus passengers also can not determine whether it has been attacked long dead, and the vehicle in front by more non-call 3-5 minutes after the car is not found in the dynamics of this period was not only the shooter's car a bit long number, and if the tank hatch closed way to advance sniper destroyed communications antenna can also be used outside the vehicle fuel tank explosion or attack the way to force people to leave the body and then one by one shooter.
no different to deal with combat helicopters , destroying the optical observer is equivalent to destroying their eyes and ears, and destroyed the main rotor and tail rotor is like a waste of their limbs, if the shooting parts of the gear near the vent pipe will cause the hydraulic tank and crash a plane crash, or fire rockets internal combustion caused by the ammunition magazine in the rocket from the fuselage before the explosion is not resolved one way to attack helicopters.
communication vehicle, the base damage high precision instruments are more simple, the power cars, coolers, communications antenna and precision circuits, the chip location of bullet can easily valuable for those causing fatal damage to the equipment, and other like oil of other electric vehicles by scheduling field and ammunition stacked rifles and other places can also be destroyed. to fuel dump sites, the first of the situation as slightly soft lead bullet Breakdown acoustic drums, but not to explode, so oil leaked all over the place before the situation got high bomb, incendiary or tracer bullets to be detonated will be earth-shattering was out of control. destructive attacks the execution of tasks what secret is to know the fight, and then decide what parts of what kind of ammunition fired, all elements of the three conditions, then the task will be difficult to have reached.
5, the designated place of ambush
the location of the sniper must consider many factors, the hard to find a good sniping point can not properly use it too?? single shot from within the effective value of the objective of resolving all . The goal of the attacks, there was a choice we all know that the first sniper sequence:
1) enemy snipers, the only threat would be is the enemy sniper sniper, enemy sniper never as the first priority for the bit
2) senior commander
3) anti-aircraft missiles, anti-tank missile operators
4) heavy artillery observation hand, gunner, gunner, Vice gunner, light and heavy machine gun shooter mortar gunner and other long-range attack weapons operator
5), senior noncommissioned officer or sergeant
6) grenade soldiers, bomb squad and field engineering
In addition to these priority objectives and the implementation of the remaining outside the order of the to decide by the sniper, and its determination of the standard is the greater threat to our side the higher the priority, not only the personnel, equipment is no exception, fuel trucks and ammunition trucks priority personnel carriers bound to the truth than ever will not change, unless there are strategic considerations, but that is not the responsibility of the sniper.
6, sniper mission in the urban areas was suddenly sent special forces
Imagine a strange place involved in peacekeeping forces rescue, or going to urban cities to maintain order, process hijacking, rescue hostages and the protection of innocent people, a sniper for what role? in this case whether the use of snipers is the most appropriate choice? The answer is clearly attack, but this will only be the commander of the armed forces that tried to harm or otherwise, under normal circumstances, commanders will not issue this command to the sniper and approval. snipers are in this case the more important The task is to collect and report, in addition to the conditions and requirements to follow the sniper will be assigned the following tasks:
1) clear the area snipers armed
2) clear the area for robbery, kidnapping, hostage-taking, and so insurgents
3) is responsible for a specific area of observation and monitoring, and record and report on military activities within the region
4) use their strengths at the body to help other troops hidden action
5) to protect other units within the region, including fire, engineering teams and so
7, sniper mission in the urban environment, the skills
A, Mobile Location
how local arrangements full of enemy attacks and who can not perform the task hand was found to be an issue worthy of consideration, it is not impossible, but requires high-intensity training. not only refers to the snipers themselves, and even support troops also need it. in the daily operations in order not to discovered by enemy snipers own safety and protection, and sometimes need to distract, peace-keeping forces stationed in some of the more dangerous is usually the location of the enemy attention. snipers should try to choose a place away from the peace-keeping forces as a base for action , so that peacekeeping forces into the enemy's attention distributed tools, in order to avoid discovery by the enemy. In order to avoid enemy patrols and reconnaissance sniper eyes and ears of the transfer operation to be the location for some time, or location of the long-term action would only stay for a sniper is discovered by the enemy.
B, urban sniper and hiding places and shelter
selected location of the sniper attacks is the key to the success of the operation, whether the investigation can control the whole region is a major factor throughout the region. by common sense, select the sniper position is usually the higher the better, this is what we often say that the around the region and often ignore the immediate danger, for example: sniper position at the top floor of a 20-story building platform, snipers to observe the street below him will have to go out overlooking the probe, the position will be exposed soon, when the time for the nearby sniper environment need to cope with the sudden and accidental circumstances can not be expected, while those emergency situations and accidents Gengshi Bi close to the street below and fast, for example, the buildings opposite the enemy sniper hiding, it would be very dangerous. imitate movies TV shows shot in the roof the roof is a very stupid thing to do, remember not to use any time the sky as the background color, if so casually accept the End of an enemy sniper fire training base can easily hit 200 meters on you ; 10 ring mixed with the crowd in the street to escape, unless the special nature of the mission (usually the police mission, not the tactical requirements and regardless of the aftermath, only responsible ordered to shoot) or definitely not recommend a higher floor and then further away, the most stupid snipers know There is a dead end.
the following as the sniper and hiding places:
1) dilapidated buildings or structures. For such a trap where snipers have dikes, one of the best way is to watch out for the people frequently This building access, especially in children. (and vice versa to be used)
2) store
3) school, or community gathering places, such as churches Theatre
4) factory
5) near the city have been abandoned places
6) between two buildings
This is a very good sniper and hiding places of the location, even without the window does not have a good shooting platform. in these areas to remove some of the bricks or stones to create a window or shooting platform, but the observation of these bricks and stones after the shooting to be put back, otherwise it will affect the building caused the appearance of enemy attention.
8, in all, a good sniper hiding place and should have the following characteristics:
1) there is a safe and quiet routes, if possible, should try to avoid the empty, dilapidated walls, often occur in dogs and cats, and other categories will be exposed to sniper exists Local
2) have a safe entrance and exit
3) has a wide viewing angle
4) Comfort (most snipers will not put the reference condition)
9, when the to set up a sniper and a sniper hiding place to consider the following points should be preceded by:
1) the nature of the task assigned
2) the time required to stay
3) the local situation and the situation
4) time and step into the position
5) emergency evacuation procedures
6) friendly force operations
7) leave the location of the time and steps
8) need special equipment
10, Whether dealing with hostage-taking incident commander or the sniper
I want to make it immediately shot dead terrorists, but even with the best of the best sniper rifle and ammunition and there is absolutely no guarantee that there is such a good effect. because the moment even if the terrorist was shot in the arm nerves and muscles can cause involuntary spasms twitch shooting the hostages, so commanders no other choice but deal with only the use of snipers hostage situation .
A, the accuracy requirements:
all doctors know that the body is only one place will be destroyed immediately make an instant death, and this is the movement of the brain reflex area (shot in the heart can still survive 8 - 12 seconds of the time), the human head is relatively large target, there are about 20-25 cm in diameter, but can really make the moment of sudden death is actually very small part of the brain that control movement reflex areas in the back of the eye, and its less than 6 cm in size, in other words snipers shot instant kill in order to aim at the target can he actually only 6 cm instead of 20-25 cm, together with humidity, density, wind direction, angle, pressure, bullet, and after the parabolic force the impact of special forces sniper to a common issue in the 200 meters outside the immediate moment of death can be very difficult to strike, to achieve this goal sniper needs to practice using a variety of different environments sniper rifles and bullets with the result, aiming to understand the orientation angle of proficiency.
B, attacks the choice of location:
mentioned before this is over on the urban battlefield, sniper and hiding the location of selected topics and not much different, the height of the location shooting choice is no longer limited to just need to make full use of the previous theory can find a suitable location of the sniper, but must note the following:
1) Although the sniper is to the case of non-use was used can not be absolutely even Most of the task is not made a shot, but the sniper must arrive at the scene as soon as possible, because the need to accurately measure the distance snipers, terrorists and hostages confirmed that position, choose the best firing position and exercise virtual shooting.
2) If the situation environment needs to penetrate the glass, snipers should be noted that the following two points:
(1) when the bullets penetrated the metal casing, while the glass is glass blowing off part of the debris shot by random conical range, the situation with the shotgun the same principle, whether terrorists or hostage hit might cause injury or even death, while the missile itself will continue on a straight line to the target, even at a 45 degree angle to hit the glass of this situation is the same.
(2) when When the bullet hit the glass, the glass fragments will fly to 90 degrees vertically to the room, this point should be noted.
Third, choose the best sniper position
a recognized Basil the former Soviet Union used to talk about Super Sniper too: Choose a good sniper position and to hide their
1, select a location
when the sniper task required to determine the scope of the need to immediately after the task to select a favorable location, but do not forget the sniper appears to be Observation of the ideal location will be the same enemy that's a good place, so the sniper must be avoided to select some prominent place and away catches the attention and easily identify a number of objects and terrain, in considering the location of choice when the attacks should be The balance between the following decision:
1, it is to provide the best shooting and observed the effect of
2, it is found to prevent the enemy to provide the best hidden effect
2, mobile sniper position < br> Most of the attacks on the condition of limited tasks often need to prostrate sniper fire, so snipers will use most of the time location of a mobile sniper. Use of natural cover and camouflage sniper can be observed in any terrain and the fire fell in the When the location of the use of mobile sniper sniper or sniper team needs to do their all around ability and resources to blend into the background and terrain, and often need to use a shaded area, the use of appropriate technology in the use of mobile sniper camouflage the location to shoot and observation when they can avoid detection by the enemy. When the flow of the inevitable need for sniper positions located in a open environment that will require extremely careful with the terrain, such as shrubs and concave down position to hide, you can use the camouflage net to reduce the chance of being found. sniper or sniper team selection for the mobile sniper position there is no limit, based on any case, snipers may need in the trees, roofs, tunnels, lighthouses, shadows, boats and other possible locations. < br> 3, the location of security attacks
Even with a good location is not representative of sniper attacks in a hundred percent safety, snipers still need to remain vigilant and keep in mind the following points can affect its own security: < br> 1) When the situation allows time to choose and set up an observation position and shooting attacks on both, because even a small move may also be aware of the enemy, even if have to guard against the enemy at night with night vision equipment, and any sound particularly evident at night
2) Sniper whether to pay attention to their place in a large contrast of color and the location of the terrain, because any change in these places is very striking
3) When you select attacks should first consider the position when those enemies do not often patrol haunt
4) sniper position should be located within the effective range of targets, not within the range the farthest, and the range of objects to avoid obstacles within the line of sight
5) should try to set up a can cover the whole range of sniper position?? view, when a sniper position on the way to move to the largest number should be via the place and to cover his body with camouflage
7) to avoid creating sound
8) Avoid unnecessary movement
9) as a sniper position to avoid the sky background
10) carefully lens telescope or sight would reflect sunlight
11) were observed in the building should be within the shadows
12) out of attack and when to put forth the position of the footprints and marks left by elimination of
4, the location of life
sniper attacks in the arrival location sniper weapons and equipment should be placed at any time convenient to their own get the position, continue to observe and collect the enemy's situation as information purposes, snipers should be their own observations, eat, sleep and rest patterns of life should turn off the two snipers, the sniper for long-term task of keeping the body still inside Among the high efficiency. sniper team should always keep quiet, so the gesture is the best tool to communicate with each other, here are some common signs:
1) pointed to his mm me, my
2) pointed others mm you, your
3) thumb on the vertical mm good, to, is 4) mm thumbs down is not good, no, do not go
5) mm four fingers close together can not see over his eyes, eyes , the location is not good
6) mm index finger pointing to his eyes to see, visual
7) hand-made knives for cutting the throat action mm dead, killed 8) fingers fingertips upward closure mm collection, together, * rope 9) raised his fist mm stop
10) palm down flat on the forehead mm adult
11) hood-shaped buckle in the palm of your hand into the chest - Women
12) toward the palm of your hand held in front of the next level - children
13) into a claw-like hands down mm animal
14) around the thumb and the other four fingers into a circle-shaped mm target, whether there are circumstances in the battlefield sniper
depends entirely on the sniper task under different circumstances, whether for full use of mobility, concealment, observation and camouflage techniques, which are also public enemy snipers in the few cases the key to survival.
IV range
calculation methods and techniques that many people have a misconception that snipers as long as the target sight of the cross into the center of pulling the trigger will be able to easily hit the target, this is a wrong concept. We know the trajectory of the bullet is out after playing into the parabola, the hand will have a bullet in the 15 meters in the naked eye can distinguish between the differential, rifle about 70 meters, so according to the distance from the bullet is likely to cross the vertical line will fall at any point, sight is not the only reference guide control device, a sniper to accurately hit the target must be an accurate estimate of target distance. Although the snipers will be equipped with ultrasonic or laser range finder, but still have to grasp the basic The estimation skills just in case.
1, unit of measurement one hundred meters
This is a very easy way, you first have to understand what is the distance of a hundred meters how much, if there is a distance as long as you do not know calculate the number that can put down at will know about a hundred meters distance. Be aware that if the terrain is up will cause you to have a little further the illusion, if the terrain is a little down will produce the illusion of the past hundred m units of measurement disadvantage is that you can only type in the relatively flat on the ground will get more accurate measurements, it is particularly important for measuring long distances, if the target appears in a hundred meters or one hundred meters from the snipers only see part of the terrain between the objectives, units of measurement a hundred meters in this case we can not do associate the.
2, objective look
This method uses measurements of the true size and characteristics of goal to measure and target distance. person such as a motorcycle, he does not need to know the real him and the vehicle in front can be a safe distance from a location more than it enough, if riders know how long a kilometer, head and to have a car 3 cm high 4 cm wide, 3 cm apart the two front headlights, when his car next to see the same size when he will know that he is one kilometer away from the car, this method can also be sniper by measuring the distance, the distance in the known pay attention to some person or object can not know the distance in a comparison by * the size and characteristics to determine distance. use the target appearance of the measurement must be very clear when the snipers in different objects The size and characteristics of distance, such as snipers in mind the next person stand outside in the size of a hundred meters away, and then the same distance down the man re-Bangui and the size of squat, in the case are from a hundred meters to five hundred m repeated observations, snipers will naturally establish a set of skills from observation, the sniper also need other objects or vehicles as an exercise.
3, a hundred meters and the target unit of measurement of the appearance of measurements mixed application environment
whether in a good unit of measurement is a hundred meters or target appearance of the measurement method is feasible, but in a good environment on the battlefield can be described as unique. so snipers need to mix this two methods use. topography limits the unit of measurement of a hundred meters and visibility will affect the appearance of objective measurements, such as snipers can not clearly see the terrain between the target, but he has enough visibility to estimate the distance. even if the target seems very vague, but can still be measured with the appearance of the size of the distance, so only need to mix the two methods, an experienced sniper is to get 90% accuracy.
4, this method from the formula
need with a millimeter scale or telescope sight, the use of target height on the scale and the target to calculate the distance formula is as follows:
the true size of the target (m) x1000 / target size on the scale ( mm) = target distance
5, the factors that affect the estimated distance
A, the essential goal of
1) has a rule irregular appearance of the objects have the appearance of the objects than the look of more recent
2) the target and its background contrast large
3) If you could only see part of the goal, it seems also that little bit further
B, ground-based nature of
if fluctuating land-attack on the view hand it is easy because of the visual error that target will be further away, so as far as possible in relatively flat terrain observation
C, the brightness of
goals will become more clearly seen closer Watch the goal of adequate sunlight in the evening than the Federation, fog or rain seems near, if the sun will feel far from the target after a
estimated distance shooting skills seriously affect your accuracy, bear in mind If you are not sure how far your target, you better not give up the task of shot.
five patients sniper shooting sniper
lot of people thought standards as long as the gun shot was enough, 60 years ago, nothing wrong with this sentence, but the complexity of today's level of shooting practice might be something of a surprise, due to firearm ballistics rifle, gravity and wind, the fallout of the impact point of error, so the rear sight and the rifle photo door is adjustable to correct these errors. optical lens magnification and lens attacks also have a shot quality poor conversion rate sniper can make the problem worse even, thermal and optical deflection phenomenon can also cause issues, so snipers must be in a variety of weather, temperature, day and night under the environment of different height, distance training and detailed record of firing guns firing in the record card to help understand the performance and error where firearms should be amended until the acceptable range. s phase of shooting practice to an end. But the guns still fire and continue to record from time to time, amended. when the hands of the gun can shoot arbitrary static target shooting is the second progress moving target. moving target due to the movement rate walking, running or the vehicle travel varies, but according to the distance between the target and the sniper, the wind speed by taking the lead content are different. In fact the amount of targeting different parts of the front will be different, sniper training will be suggested that what ...
No comments:
Post a Comment